Top 10 Iconic Australian Artworks You Should Know

Australia’s rich artistic heritage reflects its deep Aboriginal roots, colonial history, and vibrant contemporary scene. 

From ancient rock paintings to bold modern statements, these iconic Australian artworks have captured national identity, social change, and the awe-inspiring beauty of the land. Whether you're an art lover, a student, or simply curious, here are the Top 10 iconic Australian artworks you should know.

"Blue Poles" by Jackson Pollock (1952)

Though created by American artist Jackson Pollock, Blue Poles became an iconic part of Australian culture when the National Gallery of Australia controversially purchased it in 1973. The abstract expressionist work symbolises Australia’s bold embrace of international modernism.

"Shearing the Rams" by Tom Roberts (1890)

A cornerstone of Australian Art, Shearing the Rams captures rural life and national identity. Tom Roberts’ realist masterpiece celebrates the dignity of labour and the outback’s role in shaping Australia's economy and character.

"The Pioneer" by Frederick McCubbin (1904)

This triptych poignantly tells the story of settlers in the Australian bush. McCubbin’s impressionist style and narrative structure make The Pioneer a beloved homage to early colonial resilience and hardship.

"Sydney Opera House" by Jørn Utzon (1973)

While technically architecture, the Sydney Opera House is a globally recognised artwork. Designed by Danish architect Jørn Utzon and completed with the help of Australian engineers and artisans, this structure is a landmark of modern design and creative ambition.

"Down on His Luck" by Frederick McCubbin (1889)

Another classic from McCubbin, this painting features a weary swagman in the bush, capturing the isolation and hardship of rural life. It’s often interpreted as an emotional touchstone of Australian identity.

"Ned Kelly" Series by Sidney Nolan (1946–47)

Sidney Nolan’s vivid portrayal of outlaw Ned Kelly using stylised forms and bold colours brought modernism to the Australian narrative. His helmeted bushranger is now an enduring cultural icon.

"Emu and Kangaroo Dreaming" by Emily Kame Kngwarreye (1990s)

Emily Kame Kngwarreye was a senior Anmatyerre woman whose abstract paintings speak to her deep connection with Country. Her Dreaming works embody traditional Aboriginal spirituality and modern expression, redefining Indigenous art.

"Bathers by the Pier" by Charles Conder (1899)

Part of the Heidelberg School, often referred to as Australia’s impressionist movement, this joyful beach scene captures Australian leisure life and the play of sunlight, hallmarks of the era's style.

"Big Yam Dreaming" by Emily Kame Kngwarreye (1995)

One of her most famous works, this massive canvas pulses with movement and energy. It represents the sacred yam plant and the Dreamtime stories connected to it, blending traditional motifs with modern abstraction.

"John Citizen" Series by Gordon Bennett (1992–1996)

This postcolonial series challenges historical narratives and explores race, identity, and cultural belonging. Bennett’s conceptual approach has made him one of Australia's most influential contemporary artists.

Why These Artworks Matter

These artworks don’t just hang in galleries—they shape how Australians see themselves and how the world sees Australia. They tell stories of colonisation, resilience, cultural exchange, and national pride. They’re also essential for students, collectors, and cultural travellers seeking a deeper understanding of Australia’s artistic legacy.

Final Thoughts

Australia’s art scene is as diverse and dynamic as the country itself. From Aboriginal Dreamings to iconic portraits and abstract giants, these ten artworks are foundational to understanding Australian culture and creativity. Whether you're visiting a gallery or exploring online, these masterpieces are must-sees.